국문요약 ···································································································· 3
제1장 서론 ······························································································ 21
1. 연구 목적 ······························································································22
2. 연구의 주요 내용 ··················································································24
가. 중남미 지역의 의료ㆍ방역 환경 ·····················································24
나. 중남미 주요국의 코로나 방역역량과 의료 인프라 ·························25
다. 포스트 코로나 시대 중남미 방역ㆍ의료시장과 디지털 전환 ··········29
라. 한-중남미 의료ㆍ방역 협력 방향 ····················································34
마. 결론 ·································································································35
3. 연구방법 ································································································36
가. 코로나19 확산 요인 검토 ·······························································36
나. 진출단위로서의 HEPI 모델과 레고형 진출방안 ·····························37
4. 연구의 차별성과 기대효과 ····································································41
가. 선행연구와 차별성 ··········································································41
나. 기대효과 ··························································································45
제2장 중남미 지역의 의료ㆍ방역 환경 ······················································47
1. 사회ㆍ문화적 특성 ················································································48
가. 사회ㆍ인구학적 구성 ······································································48
나. 문화적 특성 ·····················································································53
2. 보건ㆍ의료체계 ·····················································································56
가. 아르헨티나 ······················································································59
나. 볼리비아 ··························································································61

다. 브라질 ·····························································································62
라. 콜롬비아 ··························································································64
마. 멕시코 ·····························································································67
바. 파라과이 ··························································································69
사. 페루 ·································································································70
아. 에콰도르 ··························································································72
3. 사회안전망 ····························································································73
제3장 중남미 주요국의 코로나 방역역량과 의료 인프라 ···························77
1. 브라질 ···································································································78
가. 코로나19 발생 동향 ········································································78
나. 정부의 코로나19 대응 정책 ···························································84
다. 경제적 역량과 보건ㆍ의료 지출 ·····················································91
라. 코로나 통제와 브라질 경제사회구조 ··············································96
마. 코로나 대응 의료역량과 자원 ·························································99
바. 디지털 헬스 역량 ··········································································108
2. 멕시코 ·································································································115
가. 코로나19 발생 동향 ······································································115
나. 정부의 코로나19 대응 정책 ··························································116
다. 경제적 역량과 보건ㆍ의료 지출 ···················································122
라. 코로나 통제와 멕시코 사회경제구조 ············································124
마. 코로나 대응 의료역량과 자원 ·······················································126
바. 디지털 헬스 역량 ··········································································136
3. 아르헨티나 ··························································································140
가. 코로나19 발생 동향 ······································································140

나. 정부의 코로나19 대응 정책 ··························································142
다. 경제적 역량과 보건ㆍ의료 지출 ···················································149
라. 코로나 통제와 아르헨티나 경제사회구조 ·····································152
마. 코로나 대응 의료역량과 자원 ·······················································155
바. 디지털 헬스 역량 ··········································································163
4. 페루 ·····································································································169
가. 코로나19 발생 동향 ······································································169
나. 정부의 코로나19 대응 정책 ··························································170
다. 경제적 역량과 보건ㆍ의료 지출 ···················································175
라. 코로나 통제와 페루의 경제사회구조 ············································179
마. 코로나19 대응 의료역량과 자원 ··················································183
바. 디지털 헬스 역량 ··········································································190
5. 에콰도르 ·····························································································196
가. 코로나19 발생 동향 ······································································196
나. 정부의 코로나19 대응 정책 ··························································198
다. 경제적 역량과 보건ㆍ의료 지출 ···················································203
라. 코로나 통제와 에콰도르의 사회경제구조 ·····································206
마. 코로나 대응 의료역량과 자원 ·······················································208
바. 디지털 헬스 역량 ··········································································215
제4장 포스트 코로나 시대 중남미 방역ㆍ의료 시장과 디지털 전환 ········223
1. 중남미 방역ㆍ의료 능력과 K-방역협력 모델 ·····································224
가. 병원과 의료진 ···············································································226
나. 의료장비 및 의료용품 ···································································228
다. 방역 프로그램 ···············································································232

라. K-방역 표준화와 중남미 진출 ······················································245
2. 포스트 코로나 시대 중남미 ICT 능력과 디지털 의료시장 ·················251
가. 포스트 코로나 시대의 변화 ··························································251
나. 중남미 ICT 인프라 ·······································································257
다. 중남미 보건ㆍ의료 ICT 진출 분야 ···············································269
제5장 한-중남미 의료ㆍ방역 협력 방향 ·················································293
1. 시장 부문 ····························································································295
가. 의료기기 시장진출 ········································································295
나. 인구통계학적 특성을 반영한 맞춤형 시장전략 ····························298
다. 새로운 수요층을 고려한 보험시장 진출 ·······································299
라. 국별 사업환경 분석을 바탕으로 한 시장진출 ·······························300
마. 디지털 보건ㆍ의료 사업 진출 ·······················································302
2. 국제개발협력 부문 ··············································································305
가. 개발원조의 활용 ···········································································305
나. 취약집단 중심 협력 지원 ······························································308
3. 제도 및 정책추진 부문 ········································································311
가. 기술개발 파트너십 구축 ·······························································311
나. 정책 경험 공유 ··············································································311
다. 의료지원 인력 수급 원활화 협력 ··················································312
라. 의료ㆍ방역 협력 제도화 ·······························································314
마. 지역기구와의 파트너십 형성 ························································316
제6장 결론: 대중남미 보건ㆍ의료 진출전략 ············································319
1. 코로나19가 한-중남미 협력에 주는 시사점 ·······································320

2. 국가별 보건ㆍ의료 부문 분석과 진출전략 ··········································324
가. 브라질 ···························································································324
나. 멕시코 ···························································································330
다. 아르헨티나 ····················································································336
라. 페루 ·······························································································343
마. 에콰도르 ·······················································································348
3. 종합: 중남미 방역ㆍ의료 부문의 도전과 한국의 진출전략 ················352
참고문헌 ··································································································360
Executive Summary ············································································408

전 세계 대부분 국가가 코로나19 통제를 위해 봉쇄와 이동 제한, 통금 등의 조치를 발동하였으나, 한국은 이러한 조치 없이 코로나19의 조기 확산 방지에 성공하였다. 세계 주요 언론은 한국정부의 코로나19 확산 방지 및 통제 성공 사례를 헤드라인으로 소개하여 방역 선진국으로서 한국의 면모를 전 세계에 깊이 각인시켰다. 이러한 한국의 방역 역량은 질병 관리 당국의 신속한 대응과 감염자 및 접촉자 추적을 위한 정보통신기술(ICT)의 활용에 의거한 것이다. K-방역으로 불리는 한국의 성공적 방역 모델은 3T(Test-Trace-Treatment)를 핵심요소로 하고 있으며 한국은 K-방역 모델을 전 세계에 전파하여 인류 건강 증진에 기여하려 하고 있다. 본 연구는 중남미 국가의 확산 방지 실패 요인을 분석하여 코로나 같은 감염병의 재발을 막기 위해 한국의 방역 역량을 어떻게 활용할 수 있는가를 염두에 두고 이를 통해 한국과 중남미 국가 간의 방역 및 의료 협력의 기본 방향을 제시하려 한다.